Musical Explorers
Native American with Martha
Martha Redbone’s Native American roots lie in the Southeastern region of the United States, home to the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Shawnee tribes. The traditional music of these tribes is centered upon songs that accompany dances that continue to be performed at powwows and other social gatherings. The songs feature short sections of lyrics, often sung in call and response, accompanied by drums, rattles, whistles, pipes, and flutes. All of these instruments have spiritual significance and are made from natural elements: For example, gourds become rattles, and logs become water drums. Starting in the 1700s, Native American music was altered by the arrival of British traders who introduced the fiddle, and by African influences shared throughout the South.
Martha Redbone has continued to teach traditional Southeastern tribal music throughout most of her career, as an expression of her deep commitment to preserving and sharing her Native American cultural heritage. At the same time, she has developed her own singular style of American Roots music that is a direct reflection of her own roots: her Cherokee- Choctaw-Shawnee mother and African American father; the Appalachian hills of Harlan County, Kentucky where she spent her early childhood; and the eclectic grit of her teenage years in Brooklyn. Combining the vocal style of her gospel-singing father with the spirit of her mother’s Native American culture, she proudly broadens the boundaries of Native Americana.
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Lessons
Resources for Teachers
The following resources provide background information about the musical tradition and culture. Some are intended to be shared with students; others are for teachers who may want to explore further on their own.
Listening
- Visit sroartists.com/artists/martharedbone to hear more music by Martha.
- Joanne Shenandoah, “Prophecy Song”
- Keith Secola, “You Got Land?”
Readings
- Indian Blues: American Indians and the Politics of Music, 1879–1934, John W. Troutman
- Sequoyah and the Cherokee Alphabet, Robert Cwiklik
- IndiVisible: African-Native American Lives in the Americas, Gabrielle Tayac
- A Primer of Handicrafts of the Southern Appalachians, James Andrew Crutchfield
- When Turtle Grew Feathers: A Folktale from the Choctaw Nation, Tim Tingle